Embedding microgrids in the energy transition

A microgrid is a system that ensures user access to local energy, while only connected to the power-grid for possible extra needs. It may feature solar panels and a cogeneration plant producing both heat and power at the same time, as is the case on the EPFL campus. The management of such a network is computerized to keep an adequate balance between consumption and production. Microgrids now benefit of proper organizational structure and market, with scale appropriate development. In his thesis, Thomas Guibentif attempted to assess the contribution of microgrids to the energy transition.

As of today, fully autonomous microgrids are too expensive to compete with national suppliers, which provide reliable and cheap energy, observes Thomas. Nevertheless, nothing prevents from promoting their implementation while maintaining a connection to the local power-grid as a supplement to on-site supply. As a matter of fact, an ideal scenario should not push the over generalization of isolated independent clusters. However, partly autonomous hubs connected to a power-grid that would ensure coordinated resource uses are an undoubtedly viable system.

But who would have any interest in investing in such a system? Thomas made an assessment of the rewards a microgrid would create and what possible configurations stakeholders could benefit from. Thus, some private individuals start looking to free themselves from network operational costs; local community to seek better autonomy, and network suppliers to improve their offer.

At the same time, Thomas conducted a survey among Swiss stakeholder to determine the feasibility of these propositions. It turned out that almost every stakeholder is contemplating the application of microgrids in different forms within the next 20 to 40 years. Under that perspective, public suppliers would have to face substantial competition from manufacturers as connection to the power-grid would no longer be demanded to provide energy supply services.

While encouraging citizen to foster a sense of belonging to their energy system and creating discussions about important components that extend beyond electricity supply, Thomas concludes the concept of microgrids initiates the energy transition.

Microgrids: A tool for a grassroots energy transition, Thomas Guibentif, under the supervision of François Vuille